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17 Evaporation from porous media Nima Shokri Drying of porous media is ubiquitous in various hydrologic and engineering processes ranging from evaporation from terrestrial surfaces to drying of food, building materials, pharmaceutical products, and preservation of historical buildings. Water evaporation from soil, arguably the porous medium ‘par excellence’, plays an important role in water management, land-atmosphere interactions, soil Read more
23 Superhot Geothermal Resources Thomas Driesner "Superhot" or "supercritical" geothermal resources contain aqueous fluids at temperatures in excess of the critical temperature of water (374°C). Such conditions are encountered just above the magma body that drives conventional high-enthalpy geothermal systems Read more
25 Modelling the brain as a poroelastic medium Marie E. Rognes At the organ-level and at the time scale of seconds to weeks, the brain can be viewed as a poroelastic medium. Brain tissue is soft and elastic, and permeated by a number of networks filled with water-like fluids - including blood vessels filled with blood, cellular networks filled with intracellular fluid, and interstitial space in between the cells filled with interstitial fluid. Moreover, the living brain is never still: the brain and its surroundings pulsate in rhythm with the heart beat and with respiration in an intricate mechanical, chemical and electrical interplay. Read more
30 Deformable porous media Chris MacMinn A deformable porous medium is one in which the solid skeleton deforms in response to its interactions with the pore fluid(s). Deformable porous media are ubiquitous in nature and industry, from soils and sediments to gels and tissues. The physical consequences of deformation depend on whether the medium is rigid (not deformable), stiff (weakly deformable), or soft (highly deformable), and must be assessed based on the medium, the fluid, and the flow conditions. Read more
33 Breakthrough curve Peyman Babakhani Breakthrough curve (BTC) is a plot of the concentration of materials in the effluent of packed media versus time. The packed media may range from natural aquifer settings to laboratory bench scale tanks or columns containing porous or fractured materials. The application of the breakthrough curve is typically related to the investigation of material transport in porous or fractured media. This is often conducted by injecting dissolved or particulate materials into a porous/fractured media and measuring the concentration of the materials in downstream or effluent samples over time. The resulting plot of concentration versus time is called the breakthrough curve. Read more
39 Transport of chemotactic bacteria in porous media with residual sources of oil-phase chemical pollutants Roseanne Ford and Beibei Gao, University of Virginia, USA Bioremediation processes depend on adequate mixing of microbial populations and the groundwater contaminants that they degrade. The ability of chemotactic bacteria to sense a chemical gradient and swim preferentially up the gradient toward higher concentration can enhance the accumulation of bacteria near contaminant sources that may otherwise not be readily accessible by advection and dispersion alone. Read more
41 Digital Workflow for analysis of flow on the pore scale. Thomas Ramstad Multiphase flow in porous media is strongly influenced by the pore-scale mechanisms and in-situ arrangement of fluids It is essential to understand these pore scale effects to obtain good constitutive relations for characterization of subsurface flow on multiple length scales. Advances in pore scale imaging and modelling open for a digital workflow for investigation of flow in porous media on multiple scales. Read more
60 The role of pores for water transport in plants Prof. Jansen Water transport in plants is tightly associated with growth, primary productivity, plant performance, and various physiological processes in plants, such as transport of photosynthetic products. In most cases, water is transported from the roots to the leaves, driven by the phase change of liquid water to water vapour near tiny openings (stomata) in leaves. Read more
62 Discrete models, continuum models and scale transitions for drying porous media Evangelos Tsotsas Discrete models and continuum models that can be used in order to describe the drying of porous media are critically discussed, along with respective scale transitions. Read more
63 How the Chemical Vapor Infiltration process can be optimized for the production of advanced composite and porous ceramics Gerard L. Vignoles Chemical Vapor Infiltration (CVI) is a high-quality and versatile process enabling the preparation of reinforced porous and architecture ceramics as well as Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC), which are high-temperature materials for aerospace, energy management and industrial systems. Very strong market growth perspectives trigger renewed interest in this process. However, being expensive and/or somewhat difficult to control and optimize, it needs modelling actions at least to provide guidelines for industrial usage. This is what we discuss here. Read more